Party building column
Party building column
Guide to Selecting Transformers for Photovoltaic Power Plants (10kV-35kV)
Release time:
2025-09-26 09:38
Source:
1. Core prerequisite for selection: clarify power station requirements
- Project demand analysis : This requires considering installed capacity, grid connection standards, load fluctuation patterns, and future expansion plans. For example, the difference in capacity requirements between large ground-based power stations and distributed rooftop power stations directly impacts transformer selection.
- Scenario adaptation considerations : Different application scenarios have different requirements for transformers. For example, rooftop power stations need to pay attention to the size and weight of the transformer to adapt to the installation space, while ground-based power stations are more concerned with large-capacity carrying capacity and protection level (such as for coping with harsh outdoor environments).
2. Key technical parameters: core basis for selection
- Rated capacity : This needs to be calculated based on the power plant's estimated power generation, power load, and a 10%-20% power margin to avoid overload due to insufficient capacity or energy waste due to excess capacity.
- Voltage level : The PV array output voltage must be precisely matched to the grid access voltage (10kV-35kV), and the voltage deviation must be controlled within ±5% to prevent any impact on system stability.
- Short-circuit impedance : Select according to the short-circuit current level of the power grid, usually 4%-6%, to balance the system's short-circuit resistance and voltage regulation rate to ensure power supply quality.
- Efficiency and temperature : Prioritize products that meet the national first-level energy efficiency standards to reduce long-term energy consumption. At the same time, considering the climate of the power station location, choose transformers that can adapt to an ambient temperature of -30℃-50℃ and are equipped with a complete temperature monitoring and heat dissipation system.
- Protection functions : Overload, short circuit, overvoltage, gas (oil-immersed) or temperature control (dry type) protection is required. In some scenarios, lightning protection and zero-sequence protection are required to ensure safe operation of the equipment.
3. Mainstream transformer types: scenario adaptation selection
- Dry-type transformers : Oil-free, fire-resistant, and easy to maintain, they are suitable for scenarios with high safety requirements, such as densely populated areas and rooftop power stations. However, they typically have a smaller capacity (≤2000kVA) and slightly lower heat dissipation efficiency.
- Oil-immersed transformers : They offer excellent heat dissipation, large capacity (up to 10,000 kVA or more), and are relatively low cost. They are suitable for large ground-based power stations, but require proper fire and oil leakage protection, and regular maintenance of the insulating oil.
- Intelligent combined transformer : Integrates the "three remote" (telemetry, remote control, and remote signaling) system to monitor operating status in real time, reduce operation and maintenance costs, and improve the intelligence level of the power station. It is suitable for large-scale, unmanned photovoltaic power stations.
4. Brand and Service: Ensuring Long-term Stability
- Prefer well-known brand : such as JNCN, our company's products are more guaranteed in terms of materials, craftsmanship, and reliability, and comply with international and domestic industry standards (such as GB/T 6451).
- Emphasis on after-sales service : Prioritize suppliers that can provide 24-hour technical support, regular inspections, rapid repairs, and sufficient spare parts to reduce the risk of equipment downtime.
5. Cost-effectiveness: balancing short-term and long-term considerations
- Initial cost : The equipment price, transportation cost, installation and commissioning cost need to be comprehensively considered to avoid simply pursuing low prices which may result in substandard product quality.
- Long-term costs : Although high-efficiency transformers have a slightly higher initial investment, they can reduce annual energy costs. At the same time, low-maintenance products can reduce subsequent operation and maintenance expenses.
- Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) : By calculating the initial cost + operating cost + maintenance cost over 5-10 years, select the product with the lowest TCO to maximize cost-effectiveness.
6. Selection process and precautions
- Process steps : Collect project parameters → Determine technical requirements → Screen products that meet the requirements → Compare parameters, costs, and services → Conduct on-site inspections (if necessary) → Determine the selection plan.
- Key points : Reject non-standard products and require authoritative certification (such as CE, CQC) and test reports; ensure the compatibility of transformers with inverters, distribution cabinets and other equipment; reserve expansion interfaces to accommodate future power station upgrades.
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